公司的技术栈是SpringCloud+ZoomKeeper+RabbitMq+JPA+MongoDB，利用zk去做配置文件，rabbitmq做一些异步处理，持久层采用JPA(数据库的Mysql)，对于大部分都是查询的业务，数据是存在MongoDB中。

MongoDB是一个高性能、开源、无模式的文档型数据库，是当前NoSql数据库中比较热门的一种。 适合对大量或者无固定格式的数据进行存储，比如：日志、缓存等。对事物支持较弱，不适用复杂的多文档（多表）的级联查询。

MongoDB的适用场景：

  1. 在应用服务器的日志记录
  2. 存储一些监控数据
  3. 应用不需要事务及复杂 join 支持
  4. 应用需要2000-3000以上的读写QPS
  5. 应用需要TB甚至 PB 级别数据存储
  6. 应用发展迅速，需要能快速水平扩展
  7. 应用要求存储的数据不丢失
  8. 应用需要99.999%高可用
  9. 应用需要大量的地理位置查询、文本查询

下面就讲下SpringBoot利用MongoTemplate操作mongdb

1. MongDB的安装

安装MongDB可以看官网安装

英语不好的小伙伴可以看这个安装

我是在centos7.0上安装的MongDB4.2，修改配置文件，加入用户和密码，下面的linux详细命令：

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[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker pull mongo:4.2.6
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/mongo ... 
4.2.6: Pulling from docker.io/library/mongo
23884877105a: Pull complete 
bc38caa0f5b9: Pull complete 
2910811b6c42: Pull complete 
36505266dcc6: Pull complete 
a4d269900d94: Pull complete 
5e2526abb80a: Pull complete 
d3eece1f39ec: Pull complete 
358ed78d3204: Pull complete 
1a878b8604ae: Pull complete 
dde03a2883d0: Pull complete 
4ffe534daa34: Pull complete 
f164ba21e17c: Pull complete 
6494c387442c: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:c880f6b56f443bb4d01baa759883228cd84fa8d78fa1a36001d1c0a0712b5a07
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/mongo:4.2.6
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY           TAG                                IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker.io/mysql      5.7                                2c9028880e58        9 days ago          447 MB
docker.io/tomcat     9.0.45-jdk8-adoptopenjdk-hotspot   bcf990bea01a        10 days ago         341 MB
docker.io/mongo      4.2.6                              3f3daf863757        13 months ago       388 MB
docker.io/rabbitmq   3.7.15-management                  f05c3eb3cf91        22 months ago       179 MB
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker run -td --name mongo -p 27017:27017 3f3daf863757 --auth
44d090fd4314773ac4362298eadf5928feda9c347b50dd0ff17c40c32cb00128
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                     COMMAND                  CREATED       STATUS                    PORTS                                   
                                                     NAMES
44d090fd4314        3f3daf863757                              "docker-entrypoint..."   4 seconds ago       Up 3 seconds              0.0.0.0:27017->27017/tcp               
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker exec -it mongo mongo admin
MongoDB shell version v4.2.6
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/admin?compressors=disabled&gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("cb9f0916-53bc-4781-aa95-4409477eb89b") }
MongoDB server version: 4.2.6
Welcome to the MongoDB shell.
For interactive help, type "help".
For more comprehensive documentation, see
        http://docs.mongodb.org/
Questions? Try the support group
        http://groups.google.com/group/mongodb-user
> db.createUser({ user:'admin',pwd:'123456',roles:[ { role:'userAdminAnyDatabase', db: 'admin'},"readWriteAnyDatabase"]});
Successfully added user: {
        "user" : "admin",
        "roles" : [
                {
                        "role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase",
                        "db" : "admin"
                },
                "readWriteAnyDatabase"
        ]
}
> db.auth('admin', '123456')
1
> ^C
bye
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker restart 44d090fd4314
44d090fd4314
[root@VM-0-15-centos ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                                     COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                    PORTS                                                           
                             NAMES
44d090fd4314        3f3daf863757                              "docker-entrypoint..."   47 minutes ago      Up 3 seconds              0.0.0.0:27017->27017/tcp

2. 添加Maven依赖

只需要加入web启动器和mongdb依赖即可

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 <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 添加mongodb依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
</dependency>

3. 添加配置文件

我们提前在MongoDB中创建一个test库，并在下面的配置信息中加入刚刚配置的用户名和密码，需要注意的是密码需要用单引号

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spring:
  data:
    mongodb:
      host: 127.0.0.1
      port: 27017
      database: test
      option:
        max-connection-idle-time: 1500
        max-connection-per-host: 200
        max-wait-time: 60000
        max-connection-life-time: 0
        connect-timeout: 10000
        socket-timeout: 60000
      password: '123456'
      username: admin
      authentication-database: admin

4. 编写实体类

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/**
 * @author 路飞
 * @create 2021/5/22 10:10
 */
@Data
@Document(collation = "user")
public class User {
    @Id
    private Integer id;
    private Integer age;
    private String name;
    private String role;


    public User(Integer id, Integer age, String name, String role) {
        this.id = id;
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
        this.role = role;
    }
}

5. 编写DAO层

SpringBoot已经为我们高度封装了MongoTemplate，类似RedisTemplate

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public class MongoTestDao {

    @Autowired
    private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;

    /**
     * 创建对象
     * @param user
     */
    public void save(User user){
        mongoTemplate.save(user);
    }

    /**
     * 根据id查询对象
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    public User findUserById(Integer id){
        Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("name").is(id));
        User user = mongoTemplate.findOne(query, User.class);
        return user;
    }

    public void updateUserById(User user){
        Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("id").is(user.getId()));
        Update update = new Update().set("age", user.getAge()).set("name", user.getName());
        //更新查询结果中的第一条数据
        mongoTemplate.updateFirst(query,update,User.class);
    }

    /**
     * 根据id删除
     * @param id
     */
    public void deleteUserById(Integer id){
        Query query = new Query(Criteria.where("id").is(id));
        mongoTemplate.remove(query,User.class);
    }
}

6. 测试用例

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@SpringBootTest
class SpringbootMongodbApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private MongoTestDao mongoTestDao;

    @Test
    public void addUser() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            mongoTestDao.save(new User(i,i,String.valueOf(i+1),String.valueOf(i+100)));
        }
        System.out.println("#####插入完毕！######");
    }

    @Test
    public void updateUser(){
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            mongoTestDao.updateUserById(new User(i,i-1000,"A","a"));
        }
        System.out.println("#####修改完毕！######");
    }

    @Test
    public void deleteUser(){
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            mongoTestDao.deleteUserById(i);
        }
        System.out.println("#####修改完毕！######");
    }

    @Test
    public void findUserById(){
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            User user = mongoTestDao.findUserById(i);
            System.out.println(i+"-----------"+user);
        }
        System.out.println("#####查询完毕！######");
    }
}

测试通过，放一张用MongDB Compass连接MongDB的图

7. GitHub代码

springboot-mongodb